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Plan(s) B

Cyrus Farhangi

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Les entreprises de tous les secteurs d'activité sont concernées voire fragiles face aux limites planétaires et l'Anthropocène : Plan(s) B propose des interviews d'experts et de décideurs, ainsi que des exposés de son animateur (Cyrus Farhangi) pour tenter de démêler un peu tout ça. Vous pouvez soutenir notre démarche sur notre page Tipeee : https://fr.tipeee.com/plans-b
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Countries with better institutions are more prosperous. A truism perhaps, but then why are they so hard to build and sustain? That is the question that Simon Johnson has sought to explain since the fall of communism and the basis for the research that won him the 2024 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. Johnson, a former IMF chief economist, now a pr…
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As urbanization continues to grow worldwide, affordable housing is a rare commodity in many cities. Sao Paolo­, South America’s biggest city, has gained over 2 million new residents in the past decade alone. Elizabeth Johnson heads Brazil research at TS Lombard and has been studying Sao Paolo’s latest attempt at strengthening its housing strategy. …
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While housing markets play a significant role in economies, new research shows houses across 40 countries are less affordable than at any time since the 2008 financial crisis. IMF economist Deniz Igan helped develop the Housing Affordability Index. In this podcast, she says the pandemic triggered an unusual sequence of events that housing markets a…
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Driving Change: Women-Led Development Economics from the Ground Up The International Economic Association’s Women in Leadership in Economics Initiative (IEA-WE) connects women economists worldwide and helps showcase their important empirical research, especially in developing countries. IMF Podcasts has partnered with the IEA-WE to produce a specia…
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Driving Change: Women-Led Development Economics from the Ground Up The International Economic Association’s Women in Leadership in Economics Initiative (IEA-WE) connects women economists worldwide and helps showcase their important empirical research, especially in developing countries. IMF Podcasts has partnered with the IEA-WE to produce a specia…
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Driving Change: Women-Led Development Economics from the Ground Up The International Economic Association’s Women in Leadership in Economics Initiative (IEA-WE) connects women economists worldwide and helps showcase their important empirical research, especially in developing countries. IMF Podcasts has partnered with the IEA-WE to produce a specia…
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With sub-Saharan Africa soon to have one of the largest working-age populations in the world, removing barriers to business growth and encouraging higher productivity industries will help provide the employment opportunities it needs. But reforms don’t come easy. Wenjie Chen and Andrew Tiffin are economists in the IMF’s Africa Department and produc…
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As inflation and interest rates continue to decline and the likelihood of a recession slowly fades, financial markets have seen big equity gains. But the latest Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR) warns of several factors that could upend the recovery, including the apparent disconnect between market buoyancy and heightened uncertainty, especi…
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While 21st-century globalization and international trade dramatically changed how multinational corporations operate, the way they are taxed is largely based on early 20th-century thinking. Recent efforts by the OECD and the UN to modernize the international corporate tax system include a minimum corporate tax to make it more equitable. The IMF has…
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Stories can unify or divide but our ability to imagine them is uniquely human. Cooperation and trust, built through shared stories and narratives, are the foundation of human societies and economies. So what happens when humans no longer hold the pen? Yuval Noah Harari is a historian, philosopher, and author of several books on human evolution, inc…
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With all the instability within the Middle East and North Africa region of late, Egypt has nonetheless managed to reign in soaring inflation and win its largest-ever foreign investment. Egypt’s efforts to restore macroeconomic stability in recent years have led to an arrangement under the IMF’s Extended Fund Facility for Egypt, which makes availabl…
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Working from home was not an option for most people before March 11, 2020, when work and home life suddenly collided. The pandemic upended many aspects of doing business, but the daily commute is one routine that seems unlikely to return to what it was. Nicholas Bloom was studying the potential impact of remote work long before the pandemic launche…
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The world has changed since postwar economic thought placed GDP growth as its guiding principle. 20th-century progress has pushed planetary resources to the limit and brings the sustainability of traditional macroeconomic models into question. In this podcast, Kate Raworth talks with journalist Rhoda Metcalfe about her alternative model Doughnut Ec…
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For many emerging market economies, moving from an export-oriented strategy with labor-intensive manufacturing to a more sophisticated production process was key to their development. But the world is quickly changing, and Raghuram Rajan says India need not follow that same path. In their new book, Breaking the Mold, the former Reserve Bank of Indi…
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For decades, governments have been tapping into global sovereign debt markets to smooth ups and downs in revenue with the hope that it would help spur investment. But what happens when government borrowing fails to deliver, and the citizens are left paying the bill? Mark Aguiar says emerging market and developing economies are especially vulnerable…
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The world is changing so quickly it’s hard to think of one aspect of our economic lives that hasn’t shifted from what it was only a few years ago. Trade is no exception. New technologies, the re-emergence of industrial policy, and rising geopolitical tensions are all putting added pressure on the international trading system. Michele Ruta is a trad…
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Aging populations in many advanced and emerging market economies mean shrinking workforces, weighing on growth. However, the opposite is true in low-income countries where populations are growing, and the expanding workforce may lack the skills for the job market. How can these two scenarios offset each other? Lisa Kolovich says women hold the key.…
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Nigeria’s new administration has set out on an ambitious reform path to stabilize its currency, regain market confidence, and tame inflation. In this podcast, Governor Olayemi Cardoso and IMF Africa Department head, Abebe Aemro Selassie discuss the role of Nigeria’s central bank in restoring macroeconomic stability. The conversation took place as p…
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Economic growth is often seen as the core ingredient to social development, but it’s a relatively new idea. So what did pre-growth society look like and how much growth can modern society sustain? In his latest book, Daniel Susskind argues that economic policy should consider the costs of growth more carefully and realign the drivers to better fit …
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Central banks worldwide share common practices in how they operate, but the UK’s central bank is unique in how it makes its rate decisions. Catherine Mann is a Professor of the Practice at Brandeis University and one of four external voting members of the Monetary Policy Committee at the Bank of England. In this podcast, Mann says the pickup in cap…
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It’s no mystery where the IMF was born but its origin story might surprise you. While the spotlight was on the charismatic British economist John Maynard Keynes during the 1944 Bretton Woods Conference, a little-known American economist was working in the shadows. Harry Dexter White’s plan would lead to the creation of the IMF and forever change th…
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While African countries have little to do with what’s causing the climate crisis, they are feeling the brunt of the extreme weather patterns and left footing a climate-mitigation bill they can’t afford. Michael Olabisi is an assistant professor at Michigan State University and studies sustainable development in low-income countries. In this podcast…
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When disaster strikes, the knee-jerk reaction is to seek public funds for support, but private donors have the agility that governments often don’t. And while capital flows to Africa slowed to a trickle during the pandemic, philanthropy and remittances held steady. Una Osili is the Associate Dean for Research and International Programs at Indiana U…
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Conflict disrupts lives and economies everywhere, but recent IMF analytical work suggests the economic impact of conflict in the Middle East and Central Asia has proven larger and more persistent than in other regions. In this podcast, Ghassan Salamé (SciencesPo Paris), Mark Malloch-Brown (Open Society Foundations), and Rola Dashti (UNESCWA) discus…
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The World Economic Outlook is more than projected growth rates. The research behind those projections tells the story of how 190 countries, slowly but steadily, found their way through the fog of the past few years to emerge a testament to the resilience of the global economy. Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas is IMF Chief Economist and brings together the…
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Sub-Saharan Africa is slowly emerging from four turbulent years with higher growth expected for nearly two thirds of countries in the region. But while inflation has almost halved and debt has broadly stabilized, economies are still grappling with financing shortages and impending debt repayments. Wenjie Chen is deputy head of the team that publish…
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As inflation slowly subsides and optimism pervades financial markets, the latest Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR) warns of potential setbacks. Fabio Natalucci and Jason Wu head the GFSR team. In this podcast, they discuss risks associated with debt and the private credit market, struggling real estate sectors in China and the US, cybersecur…
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IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva kicks off the 2024 IMF-World Bank Spring Meetings from the Atlantic Council in Washington, DC, with her customary curtain raiser speech. Go to IMF.org to follow the Spring Meetings and find all the IMF flagship reports, including the World Economic Outlook, the Global Financial Stability Report, and the Fi…
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Even optimal economic policies create winners and losers, and that’s where politics steps in. Trade liberalization is an example of a policy that can make a country better off as a whole, but what happens to workers who lose out to cheaper goods? Jeffry Frieden says while politics is often messy, it’s how society puts a value on things economists c…
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For decades, the standard labor market model has been ruled by supply and demand, but a younger generation of labor economists is questioning that approach. Suresh Naidu is a Professor of Economics and International Public Affairs at Columbia University. He says while the supply and demand model is not wrong, it only tells part of the story. In thi…
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It wasn’t that long ago when retiring in one’s 50s was an achievable goal. But with life expectancy steadily rising and pension systems doomed to fall short, the prospects for an early retirement are fading fast. Olivia Mitchell wrote the book on retirement and modern pension research and has spent her career helping people improve their financial …
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Karim Megherbi travaille dans le domaine du développement de projets d'énergies renouvelables et consacre ses heures libres à faire et blagues et nous engueuler sur les réseaux sociaux. Il dispose cependant d'une expertise approfondie sur les scénarios net-zéro, qu'il a épluchées sous toutes les coutures.Karim a récemment fondé l'association Avenir…
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John Maynard Keynes was one of the most influential economists of the 20th century and the father of modern macroeconomics. His novel lectures at King’s College, Cambridge, inspired economists and policymakers of the time and continues to do so a hundred years later. In this podcast, IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva delivers a speech insp…
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Tom Middendorp is a retired general of the Royal Netherlands Army. He has served as Chief of Defence of the Armed forces of the Netherlands from 2012 to 2017. Today he is the Chair of the International Military Council on Climate and Security (IMCCS). He has recently published “The Climate General”, a broad analysis of global security risks posed b…
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Economists build models based on basic assumptions of human behavior. But people are complicated, right? Do Germans who grew up on opposite sides of the Berlin Wall make the same financial decisions today? Ulrike Malmendier is a behavioral economist whose innovative research has shown that experiential learning rewires the brain to make decisions b…
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La transition énergétique est-elle une seconde Grande Accélération ? Va-t-elle booster les capacités de destruction d'un système insoutenable ? Ou au contraire nous permettra-t-elle de repasser en-dessous des limites planétaires ? Vincent Mignerot revient nous contrarier avec contrariété par des propos contrariants sur la transition énergétique. Il…
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Countless resources and billions of dollars have been directed at poverty alleviation over the decades and yet almost 10 percent of the world’s population is still struggling to survive... not only in developing countries but in rich countries too. Why do so many anti-poverty efforts fall short? Martin Kalisa says there is more to poverty than inco…
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Antoine Buéno est conseiller développement durable au Sénat, etréalise les travaux de la délégation à la prospective. Il est également essayiste, polémiste, et donc nous abordons des sujets polémiques ! Mais calmement. J'ai récemment lu son livre "Faut-il une dictature verte ?" (spoiler, non) et me suis reconnu dans la manière qu'a Antoine de s'inf…
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Industrial policy had its heyday in the 1950s and 60s when governments moved to boost national competitiveness amid burgeoning global trade. Economists have been predicting the return of industrial policy of late- and there’s no question it’s back, but what does today’s industrial policy look like? Michele Ruta is a trade expert at the IMF, and alo…
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Ilian Moundib est ingénieur de formation, consultant, et spécialiste en adaptation au changement climatique. Il travaille également avec l'Institut Rousseau, laboratoire d'idées attaché à la reconstruction écologique et démocratique de nos sociétés. Ilian est déjà intervenu sur Plan(s) B.⁠https://youtu.be/ne8fiPh71FI⁠⁠https://institut-rousseau.fr/c…
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Véra Nikoslki est Docteure en sciences politiques, normalienne. Haut-fonctionnaire dans la fonction publique parlementaire. En 2023 Véra a publié « Féminicène », une analyse des raisons de l’émancipation des femmes depuis le 19ème siècle, et des vrais dangers qui la menacent. Ca figure parmi les livres importants que j’ai lus sur l’écologie et l’én…
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Productivity has been the driving force behind the five- sometimes six-day workweek, but there is a growing body of evidence that shows a shorter week is equally, if not more productive in many respects. Juliet Schor is a champion of the four-day week and led the charge in the early 90s with her book The Overworked American, which studies the pitfa…
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Alexandre Florentin est élu au Conseil de Paris, membre de Génération Ecologie, et Directeur de formation au sein du cabinet Carbone 4. Il a présidé la mission "Paris à 50 degrés" consistant à préparer les services de la ville, les citoyens, les entreprises, les écoles et autres acteurs publics à de tels événements climatiques extrêmes. Nous parlon…
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Behind any good policy stands good data. And as the global economy becomes increasingly digitalized, effective policy and regulation are critical to ensure a stable and equitable financial system. Jim Tebrake is Deputy Director and heads the data and methodology efforts in the IMF Statistics Department. In this podcast, Tebrake says the world of di…
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EDF est une des entreprises les plus importantes de la vie quotidienne des Français et de notre avenir. Je me dis souvent que tant qu'on a de l'électricité et des chemins de fer, l'essentiel est sauf et on évite l'Effondrement complet du système. Autant dire que c'est avec attention que j'ai écouté Carine de Boissezon, Chief Impact Officer chez EDF…
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Artificial intelligence has the power to transform society in so many ways, but only a small number of companies in an even smaller number of countries hold the keys to AI’s development. So what happens when a narrow swath of humanity makes choices that will impact everyone else? Stephanie Bell is a Senior Research Scientist at the Partnership for …
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Vincent Mignerot est essayiste, explorant la question de l’existence et interrogeant la capacité d’adaptation de l’humanité à terme. Dans cet échange nous parlons d'une variété de sujets. * Comment Vincent a pris sa claque et commencé à s'intéresser aux questions environnementales * La fondation de l'association Adrastia réunissant d'autres personn…
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Je reçois Damien Salel et Philippe Gauthier, experts en énergies renouvelables, pour parler du cas de l'Australie Méridionale, dont l'expérience est méconnue et pourtant incroyable : passer en 15 ans d'un système électrique 100% fossile (gaz et charbon) à un système 70% solaire et éolien (dont 0% d'éolien en mer !), un peu de batteries, et le reste…
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Artificial intelligence is changing the way we work and for many it’s scary. But for teachers in India’s million-plus schools, AI is a welcome partner in solving the learning poverty problem. Shankar Maruwada is the Co-founder and CEO of EkStep Foundation, which develops AI to help improve the public education system. In this podcast, Maruwada and …
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Pierre 1911 est une figure majeure de l'autonomie alimentaire et énergétique en France. Son compte Facebook compte 75k d'abonnés et partage régulièrement des détails très pratiques de son aventure commencée il y a 10 ans dans une ferme pilote de 18 hectares dans le Périgord Vert, coupée des réseaux d'eau et d'énergie, où Pierre relève chaque jour d…
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